交換機有哪些交換方式

详情描述：

交換機的功能主要包括物理編址、網絡拓撲結構、錯誤校驗、幀序列以及流控，另外還具備支持VLAN、對鏈路匯聚、防火牆功能。
交換機有哪些交換方式?
① 直通式：在輸入端口檢測並獲取數據包的目的地址，將數據包直通到相應的端口，實現交換功能。
優點：不需要存儲、延遲小、交換快。
缺點：不能提供錯誤檢測能力，並且容易出現丟包現象。
② 存儲轉發：把輸入端口的數據包先存儲並進行RCR檢測，確定數據包無誤後，獲取數據包的目的地址，將數據包運送到相應的端口。
優點：可進行錯誤檢測有效改善網絡性能，支持不同速度端口間的轉換，保證高速端口與低俗端口間的協同工作。
缺點：數據處理延時大。
③ 碎片隔離：介乎前兩者之間的一種解決方案，檢查數據包的長度，若小於64位元組，說明假包，並丟棄該數據包;若數據包大於64位元組，則發送。
優點：數據處理速度比存儲轉化快。
缺點：不提供數據校驗，數據處理比直通式慢。
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What are the exchange methods of the switch?
① Straight-through: detect and obtain the destination address of the data 
packet at the input port, and pass the data packet directly to the corresponding 
port to realize the switching function.
Advantages: no need to store, small delay, fast exchange.
Disadvantages: Can not provide error detection capabilities, and prone to 
packet loss.
② Store and forward: Store the data packet of the input port first and 
perform RCR detection. After confirming that the data packet is correct, obtain 
the destination address of the data packet and transport the data packet to the 
corresponding port.
Advantages: error detection can be performed to effectively improve network 
performance, support conversion between ports of different speeds, and ensure 
the coordination of high-speed ports and vulgar ports.
Disadvantages: The data processing delay is large.
③ Fragmentation isolation: A solution between the first two. Check the length 
of the data packet. If it is less than 64 bytes, it means a fake packet and 
discard the data packet; if the data packet is larger than 64 bytes, send 
it.
Advantages: Data processing speed is faster than storage conversion.
Disadvantages: No data verification is provided, and data processing is 
slower than straight-through.
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